Benchmark TPS (Lean) Asia

Benchmark TPS / Lean Manufacturing

Defect per juta unitDPMO

Cycle time (jam)jam

Inventory turnoverx

Sigma level—

Lead time relatif—

Rumus sigma (estimasi): proses 6σ = 3,4 DPMO.
Benchmark Toyota: —

Toyota Production System (TPS) jadi benchmark global: just-in-time, jidoka, kaizen. Sigma tinggi + cycle time rendah + turnover tinggi = operasi lean. Target TPS: ~6 sigma, cycle < 4 jam, turnover > 20x.